Firestick Plant
Euphorbia tirucalli
The Euphorbia tirucalli, commonly known as the Firestick Plant or Pencil Cactus, is a visually stunning succulent characterized by its dense, pencil-like stems. Though it lacks traditional leaves, its architectural form is highly prized. While the stems are naturally green, they transition into brilliant shades of yellow, orange, and fire-engine red when exposed to direct sunlight or environmental stress. This plant is a hardy, drought-tolerant species native to semi-arid tropical climates in Africa and India.
Light
Full Sun
Water
Low
Difficulty
Easy
Humidity
Low
Pet Warning
Highly toxic to pets and humans. The milky sap can cause severe skin irritation, temporary blindness if it contacts the eyes, and internal distress if ingested.
Care Guide
Firestick Plant Care Guide
Light
This plant requires a high intensity of light. To maintain its signature red and orange hues, place it in a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. In low light, the stems will turn green and growth may become leggy.
Watering
As a drought-tolerant succulent, it is susceptible to root rot if overwatered. Use the 'soak and dry' method: water the soil thoroughly until water drains from the bottom, then allow the soil to dry out completely before watering again. During winter dormancy, reduce watering to once every 4 to 6 weeks.
Soil and Potting
Use a well-draining cactus or succulent potting mix. You can enhance drainage by adding perlite, pumice, or coarse sand. Ensure the container has ample drainage holes.
Temperature
It thrives in temperatures between 65°F and 85°F (18°C-29°C). It is not frost-tolerant and should be brought indoors if temperatures drop below 50°F (10°C).
Safety and Handling
Warning: Pruning or breaking a stem releases a milky white latex sap. This sap is caustic and highly irritating to the skin and eyes. Always wear gloves and eye protection when handling this plant. If sap contacts skin, wash immediately with soap and water.
In-Depth Care & Growth
Feeding & Soil
Fertilizer
Balanced liquid succulent fertilizer (10-10-10)
Soil
Well-draining, sandy or gritty cactus/succulent mix
Physical Attributes
Mature Size
4-8 feet indoors, up to 30 feet in optimal outdoor conditions
Growth Rate
Fast
Propagation
Stem cuttings (allow cuttings to callous for several days before planting; handle with gloves)